The independent-samples t-test, also known as the independent t-test, independent-measures t-test, between-subjects t-test or unpaired t-test, is used to determine whether there is a difference between two independent, unrelated groups (e.g., undergraduate versus PhD students, athletes given supplement A versus athletes given supplement B, etc.) in terms of the mean of a continuous dependent variable (e.g., first-year salary after graduation in US dollars, time to complete a 100 meter sprint in seconds, etc.) in the population (e.g., the population of all undergraduate and PhD students in the United States, the population of all sprinters who have competed in an internationally-recognised 100 meter sprint event for their country in the last 12 months, etc.).įor example, you could use an independent-samples t-test to understand whether the mean (average) number of hours students spend revising for exams in their first year of university differs based on gender. Independent-samples t-test using SPSS Statistics Introduction
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